MathLabs

Problem 4

Determine all positive integers nn for which xn+(2+x)n+(2−x)n=0x^n+(2+x)^n+(2-x)^n=0 has an integer solution.
Step 4 of 6: Use the reduced equation modulo 2
y+(1+y)+(1−y)=y+2≡0(mod2)⟹y is eveny+(1+y)+(1-y)=y+2\equiv0\pmod2\Longrightarrow y\text{ is even}
Detailed analysis

Reducing yn+(1+y)n+(1−y)n=0y^n+(1+y)^n+(1-y)^n=0 modulo 22 and using odd nn gives y+(1+y)+(1−y)=y+2≡0(mod2)y+(1+y)+(1-y)=y+2\equiv0\pmod2. Thus yy is even.