MathLabs

Problem 3

A collection of nn squares on the plane is called tri-connected if the following criteria are satisfied: (i) All the squares are congruent. (ii) If two squares have a point PP in common, then PP is a vertex of each of the squares. (iii) Each square touches exactly three other squares. How many positive integers nn are there with 2018≤n≤30182018\le n\le 3018, such that there exists a collection of nn squares that is tri-connected?
Step 2 of 4: Build a chainable local unit
basic tri-connected chains: a variable-length strip and a corner-turning block\text{basic tri-connected chains: a variable-length strip and a corner-turning block}
Detailed analysis

One exhibits two small configurations of congruent squares meeting only at vertices: a strip of arbitrary (even) length in which every square touches three neighbours except the two end squares, which touch two; and a fixed corner block, several copies of which can be chained together to turn a corner while keeping every internal square at exactly three touches. Both building blocks only ever meet other squares at vertices, satisfying condition (ii).