Problem 2
Let be a diameter of circle with center . Let be a point of such that . Let be the midpoint of arc not containing . The line passes through and is parallel to line . Line intersects line at . The perpendicular bisector of segment intersects circle at and . Prove that is the incenter of triangle .
Step 3 of 3: Show that is the incenter
In plain words
A midpoint reflection gives one angle bisector, and the equilateral triangles give the other.
Detailed analysis
Since is the midpoint of both and , and also of , the quadrilateral is a parallelogram. Thus . The equal chords show that is the midpoint of the arc not containing , so is the internal angle bisector of ; consequently the incenter of triangle lies on , just as does. It remains to prove that is the internal bisector at . Because lie on , the inscribed-angle theorem and the equilateral triangle give . From the previous step , while , so . The cyclic points give . Therefore , so bisects the angle at . The two internal angle bisectors meet at , proving that is the incenter.