MathLabs

Problem 2

Find all integers n≥3n \ge 3 for which there exist real numbers a1,a2,…,ana_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n satisfying an+1=a1a_{n+1}=a_1, an+2=a2a_{n+2}=a_2, and aiai+1+1=ai+2a_ia_{i+1}+1=a_{i+2} for i=1,2,…,ni=1,2,\ldots,n.
Step 6 of 7: A constant sequence is impossible
a1=a2=⋯=an=c ⟹ c2−c+1=0, Δ=−3<0a_1=a_2=\cdots=a_n=c\ \Longrightarrow\ c^2-c+1=0,\ \Delta=-3<0
Detailed analysis

If a1=a2=⋯=an=ca_1=a_2=\cdots=a_n=c, the relation a1a2+1=a3a_1a_2+1=a_3 becomes c2+1=cc^2+1=c, i.e. c2−c+1=0c^2-c+1=0. This quadratic has discriminant Δ=1−4=−3<0\Delta=1-4=-3<0, so it has no real root cc, a contradiction. Hence 3∤n3\nmid n is impossible.