译文:The nonzero slope makes image differences surjective.
译文:Setting y=0 y=0y=0 译文: gives f(x−c)−f(x)=xc+f(c)−1 f(x-c)-f(x)=xc+f(c)-1f(x−c)−f(x)=xc+f(c)−1. We 必须have c≠0 c\ne0c=0, 由于 c=0 c=0c=0 would make original equati上read f(x)=f(x)−1 f(x)=f(x)-1f(x)=f(x)−1 译文:. As x x x varies, right side takes 每个real value, so 每个real 数 是a difference 的two image values: f(R)−f(R)=R f(\mathbb R)-f(\mathbb R)=\mathbb R f(R)−f(R)=R.