翻訳:The nonzero slope makes image differences surjective.
翻訳:Setting y=0 y=0y=0 翻訳: gives f(x−c)−f(x)=xc+f(c)−1 f(x-c)-f(x)=xc+f(c)-1f(x−c)−f(x)=xc+f(c)−1. We 必要があるhave c≠0 c\ne0c=0, なのでc=0 c=0c=0 would make original equati上のread f(x)=f(x)−1 f(x)=f(x)-1f(x)=f(x)−1 翻訳:. As x x x varies, right side takes すべてのreal value, so すべてのreal 数 はa difference のtwo image values: f(R)−f(R)=R f(\mathbb R)-f(\mathbb R)=\mathbb R f(R)−f(R)=R.